In 1888, Sir Henry Parkes dedicated Centennial Park as a public open space for the enjoyment of the people of New South Wales. Hundreds of unemployed men were enlisted to turn swamps, scrub and rock into a grand park in the Victorian tradition with formal gardens, ponds, statues and wide avenues for Sydneysiders to drive their carriages around and ‘take in the air’.
On 1 January 1901, Centennial Park became the focus of the nation as the site of the inauguration of Australian Federation, this event is commemorated today by the Federation Pavilion.